2018 NECO DATA PROCESSING ESSAY AND OBJ

NOTE THAT OUR WASSCE GCE SUBSCRIPTION IS ON GOING NOW CALL/WHATSAPP /+2349030302775 I STILL REMAIN ENGR NASER DAHER *NECO 2018 DATA PROCESSING SOLUTION* *DATA PROCESSING OBJ* 1-10 *D D C E B B E A A B* 11-20 *D D C C B E B D E C* 21-30 /D B D A A E C D E B* 31-40 *B A B B A E A E D E* 41-50 *D D C B A E D A C D* 51-60 *C C B D A A B A E E* 1a) Data processing security is an appropriate technical and organizational measures to protect data against accidental or unlawful destruction or accidental loss or alteration, or unauthorized disclosure or access, or other unauthorized processing. 1b) i)Blocking attacks from unauthorised users or hackers. ii)Preventing malware infections and stopping viruses stealing data. iii)Prevents data loss through corruption of files or programming errors. 1c) i)Hierarchical data model. ii)Relational model. iii)Network model. iv)Object-oriented data model. 1d) Relational model- this is the most common model, the relational model sorts data into tables, also known as relations, each of which consists of columns and rows. Each column lists an attribute of the entity in question, such as price, zip code, or birth date. Together, the attributes in a relation are called a domain. A particular attribute or combination of attributes is chosen as a primary key that can be referred to in other tables, when it’s called a foreign key. ================== *(3b)* (I) Patching (computing)* A patching is a set of changes to a computer program or its supporting data designed to update, fix, or improve it. This includes fixing security vulnerabilities and other bugs, with such patches usually being called bugfixes or bug fixes, and improving the usability or performance. Although meant to fix problems, poorly designed patches can sometimes introduce new problems (see software regressions). ii) *Defragmentation -* In the maintenance of file systems, defragmentation is a process that reduces the amount of fragmentation. It does this by physically organizing the contents of the mass storage device used to store files into the smallest number of contiguous regions (fragments). It also attempts to create larger regions of free space using compaction to impede the return of fragmentation. ================= 4ai) mobile phone is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area. 4ii) vending machine is a machine that dispenses small articles such as food, drinks, or cigarettes when a coin or token is inserted. 4aiii) A cash register is a mechanical or electronic device for registering and calculating transactions at a point of sale. 4aiv) A fax machine is a device that is used to send documents electronically over a telephone network. 4av) Point of sale machine is an electronic device used to process card payments at retail locations. 5a) i)Data modeling creates the structure your data will live in. ii)It defines how things are labeled and organized iii)Can facilitate interaction among the designers, the application programmer and the end user iv)It promote data sharing 5aii) standard data model or industry standard data model (ISDM) is a data model that is widely applied in some industry, and shared amongst competitors to some degree. In other words they are standards bodies, database vendors or operating system vendors. When in use, they enable easier and faster information sharing because heterogeneous organizations have a standard vocabulary and pre-negotiated semantics, format, and quality standards for exchanged data. 5b) i)Corrective maintenance is done randomly while preventive is done frequently. ii)Preventive maintenance will minize the need of corrective, while corrective will maximize the preventive actions. ================================== 6ai) Napier's bones is a manually-operated calculating device created by John Napier of Merchiston for calculation of products and quotients of numbers. 6aii) The Jacquard machine is a device fitted to a power loom that simplifies the process of manufacturing textiles with such complex patterns as brocade, damask and matelassé. It was invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804. 6aiii) i)Abacus ii)Raymon Lull iii)Prior Analytics iv)Slide rule 6bi) -uses of spreadsheets package- i)create budgets ii)To produce graphs and charts iii)For storing data iv)For sorting data. 6bii) i)It is used to display the name of the package 6bii) It is used to display certain status information depending upon the package or device. 6biii) It is used to identify each row in the worksheet. 6biv) It is used for opening files, interacting with an application, or displaying help documentation or manuals.