2018 WASSCE SOCIAL STUDIES THEORY
SOCIAL STUDIES QUESTIONS LOADING
Answer 5 questions in all, choosing at least 1 question and not more than 2 questions from each section
Answer 5 questions in all, choosing at least 1 question and not more than 2 questions from each section
1(a)
The concept of self-confidence is commonly used as self-assurance in one's personal judgment, ability, power, etc. One increases self-confidence from experiences of having mastered particular activities. It is a positive belief that in the future one can generally accomplish what one wishes to do. Self-confidence is not the same as self-esteem, which is an evaluation of one’s own worth, whereas self-confidence is more specifically trust in one’s ability to achieve some goal, which one meta-analysis suggested is similar to generalization of self-efficacy.
1(b)
i) Visualize yourself as you want to be:
“What the mind can conceive and believe it can achieve.” -- Napoleon Hill
Visualization is the technique of seeing an image of yourself that you are proud of, in your own mind. When we struggle with low self-confidence, we have a poor perception of ourselves that is often inaccurate. Practice visualizing a fantastic version of yourself, achieving your goals.
ii) Affirm yourself:
"Affirmations are a powerful tool to deliberately install desired beliefs about yourself." -- Nikki Carnevale
We tend to behave in accordance with our own self-image. The trick to making lasting change is to change how you view yourself.
Affirmations are positive and uplifting statements that we say to ourselves. These are normally more effective if said out loud so that you can hear yourself say it. We tend to believe whatever we tell ourselves constantly. For example, if you hate your own physical appearance, practice saying something that you appreciate or like about yourself when you next look in the mirror.
To get your brain to accept your positive statements more quickly, phrase your affirmations as questions like, “Why am I so good in making deals?” instead of “I am so good at making deals.” Our brains are biologically wired to seek answers to questions, without analyzing whether the question is valid or not.
iii) Do one thing that scares you every day:
“If you are insecure, guess what? The rest of the world is too. Do not overestimate the competition and underestimate yourself. You are better than you think.” -- T. Harv Eker
The best way to overcome fear is to face it head-on. By doing something that scares you every day and gaining confidence from every experience, you will see your self-confidence soar. So, get out of your comfort zone and face your fears!
iv) Question your inner critic:
“You have been criticizing yourself for years, and it hasn’t worked. Try approving of yourself and see what happens.” -- Louise L. Hay
Some of the harshest comments that we get come from ourselves, via the "voice of the inner critic." If you struggle with low self-confidence, there is a possibility that your inner critic has become overactive and inaccurate.
Strategies like cognitive behavioral therapy help you to question your inner critic, and look for evidence to support or deny the things that your inner critic is saying to you. For example, if you think that you are a failure, ask yourself, “What evidence is there to support the thought that I am a failure?” and “What evidence is there that doesn’t support the thought that I am a failure?”
Find opportunities to congratulate, compliment and reward yourself, even for the smallest successes. As Mark Twain said, “[A] man cannot be comfortable without his own approval.”
v) Take the 100 days of rejection challenge:
“No one can make you feel inferior without your consent.” -- Eleanor Roosevelt
Jia Jiang has become famous for recording his experience of “busting fear” by purposefully making crazy requests of people in order to be rejected over 100 days. His purpose was to desensitize himself to rejection, after he became more upset than he expected over rejection from a potential investor. Busting fear isn’t easy to do, but if you want to have fun while building up your self-confidence, this is a powerful way to do it.
vi) Set yourself up to win:
“To establish true self-confidence, we must concentrate on our successes and forget about the failures and the negatives in our lives.” -- Denis Waitley
Too many people are discouraged about their abilities because they set themselves goals that are too difficult to achieve. Start by setting yourself small goals that you can win easily.
Once you have built a stream of successes that make you feel good about yourself, you can then move on to harder goals. Make sure that you also keep a list of all your achievements, both large and small, to remind yourself of the times that you have done well.
Instead of focusing only on “to-do" lists, I like to spend time reflecting on “did-it" lists. Reflecting on the major milestones, projects and goals you’ve achieved is a great way to reinforce confidence in your skills.
4(a)
5(a)
Conflict management is the process of limiting the negative aspects of conflict while increasing the positive aspects of conflict. The aim of conflict management is to enhance learning and group outcomes, including effectiveness or performance in an organizational setting.
5(b)
i) Discrimination
ii) When one ethnic group sees itself as superior to the other
iii) Due to tradition/past events
iv) Land Ownership and control of land
Q6
Q7
Rights of individuals in the society can sometimes be curtailed when: one is convicted of crime or treason there is a state of emergency, if one is considered as carrying a very contagious disease, etc.
8(a)
........
8(b)
i) Employment or job creation:
The exploitation of natural resources serve as source of employment. E.g .farmers,miners ,timber contractors etc. In Ghana the primary sector employs over 65% of the working population.
ii) Source of foreign exchange earnings:
The export of natural resources such as cocoa ,timbers gold etc. Bring foreign exchange to the country. E.g in 1999 Ghana got $492.93 million from the sale of gold,$550million from cocoa and$174 million from timber.
Q10
1. Absenteeism
2. Lateness to work
3. Apathy
4. Pilfering
5. Unfaithfulness
Answer 5 questions in all, choosing at least 1 question and not more than 2 questions from each section
Thank You
Wish all CANDIDATES the best
Comments
Post a Comment